Course Description

Endodontics is given in clinical endodontics and correlated basic and medical sciences, and in other dental subjects related to the practice of endodontics. The lectures are including both surgical and nonsurgical endodontics, ensuring clinical proficiency in these areas. Extensive opportunities exist for combined treatment of endodontic-periodontic problems and for endodontic management of teeth involved in major oral rehabilitative procedures. All students must be familiar with the development of endodontic theory and practice and an evidence-based approach that permits an intelligent evaluation of current and future technologies and materials.

Course Contents

A LECTURES 1. Rationale a. History introduction, The role of Endodontics in dentistry b. Predictable Endodontics (vital organ, success rate, 3 vectors, forget 3 factors ) c. The root canal system d. Lesions of endodontic origin, portals of exit. e. The ideal working length f. Overfilling and over-extension g. Predict the lateral canal from radiographs h. LEO and repair (Toxic materials leech out) 2. Endodontic Diagnosis a. Pulp is susceptible to death b. Pathogenesis and repair of Pulpal and Periapical Diseases 1) Etiology 2) Inflammation and histology 3) Immunology 4) Pathology c. Patient medical and dental history, chief complain. d. Classification symptom and sign e. Diagnosis tools and method (Crack-tooth syndrome) f. Lesions resemble to LEO 3. Endodontic Emergency a. Pulpitis b. AAA c. Endodontic flare-up d. Cellulitis e. Traumatic injury 4. Endodontic Radiography a. Benefits of good quality radiograph. b. Factors of good quality radiograph 1) X-ray machine unit 2) The film 3) Position Cone-object-film position, cone angulation, SLOB 4) Exposure time 5) Processing procedures 6) Viewing condition 7) RVG c. X-ray required in Endodontics 5. Anatomy and Embryology of Pulp a. Hess b. Anatomy of root canal system (anterior, premolar, molar ) c. C-shape d. Formation of tooth, pulp, and accessory canal ( 4 stages ) 6. Endodontic Microbiology a. Microbial flora related to pulpal and periapical diseases b. Bacterial culture and use of antibiotic c. Infection control 7. Pain Control a. Anatomy of nerve inervation of head and neck b. Physiology of nerve impulse and mechanism of pain c. Method of local anesthesia in Endodontics 1) Block anesthesia 2) Infiltration 3) Intrapulpal and PDL injection 4) Intraosseous Injection d. Types of anesthetic solution e. How to anesthetize a hot molar f. Analgesics in Endodontics g. Refer pain 8. Pretreatment and Rubber Dam a. Patient communication and education c. Copper band technique d. Internal matrix technique e. Rubber dam technique 1) Rubber dam selection 2) Clamp selection 3) Technique f. Endodontic equipment set-up 9. Access Cavity a. Hess b. Anatomy of pulp c. Objectives of access cavity d. Equipment for access cavity (bur, explorer) e. Anterior, premolar, molar 10. Cleaning and Shaping a. Definition of C and S b. Five objectives of C and S c. Sequence of root canal C and S d. Reamer and file selection and design e. The 29 profile series f. Schilder technique 1) Canal negotiation or path finding 2) Irrigation system 3) Envelop of motion 4) Recapitulation g. Advanced C and S 1) Other techniques 2) Strategy design 3) Ni-Ti rotary h. Case presentation i. Cone-fit 11. Intracanal Medication a. Cresatin, CMCP b. Calcium hydroxide c. NaOCl (extrusion of irrigation solution) 12. Obturation a. Objectives of obturation b. Timing of obturation c. Obturation tools introduction (plugger, touch and heat, obtura II) d. Gutta percha selection and sterilization e. Paper point and sealer f. Vertical compaction of warm gutta percha technique (thermal profile, down pack, deepest pack, and backpack) g. Problem solving in obturation 1) Paper point test 2) Curved canal 3) Merged canal 4) Voids h. System B obturation technique i. Case presentation 13. Common Error a. Error and problem solving in canal negotiation b. Error and problem solving in C and S c. Error and problem solving in obturation 14. Case Selection and Treatment Planning a. Indication and contraindication of endodontic treatment b. Prognosis of Endodontic Therapy c. Treatment planning related to perio, prostho, ortho and pedo 15. Management of Combined Endo-Perio, Endo-Prostho, Endo-Ortho, Endo-Pedo a. Attachment apparatus of tooth b. Communication of pulp and periodontium c. Incidence of lateral canal d. Classification of perio-endo combined lesions e. Perforation and Fracture 16. Bleaching a. Etiology and mechanism b. History of bleaching c. Indications and contraindications d. Bleaching techniques and materials 1) Chair-side bleaching 2) Walking bleaching f. Advantages and Side effects g. Post-op instructions and home care education h. Enamel micro-abrasion technique 17. Replantation and Transplantation a. Indication and contraiondication b. Reserve solution c. Techniques d. Prognosis and evaluation 18. Retreatment ( NSRCT, SRCT ) a. Evaluation of endodontic success and failure b. Indications and contraindications c. NSRCT 1) Post and core removal 2) Missing canal 3) Incomplete Endodontic obturation (Blockage, calcified) 4) Separation of instrument 5) Perforation 6) Fracture d. SRCT 1) Indication and contraindication 2) Flap design and incision 3) Access of root tip 4) Apicoectomy 5) Retrograde filling 6) Filling materials 7) Grafting materials 8) Suture 9) Wounding healing 19. Microscopic Endodontics 20. Recall a. Evaluation of endodontic success and failure b. Time of recall c. Meters of evaluation ( clinical, radiograph ) d. Mechanism of healing e. Case presentation B. HANDS-ON 1. Pretreatment and Rubber Dam 2. Schilder Technique (I) 3. Schilder Technique (II) 4. Ni-Ti Rotary Engine Driven Techniques 5. Microscopic Endodontics 1). NSRCT 2) SRCT

Course Objectives

• All students must be familiar with the development of endodontic theory and practice and an evidence-based approach that permits an intelligent evaluation of current and future technologies and materials.

Required Textbook

1.Illustrated Dental Embryology, Histology, and Anatomy:Mary Bath-Balogh,Margaret J. Fehrenbach,2nd Edition, Elsevier Saunders,2006

2.Esstential of Oral Histology and Embryology--A clinical approach:James K Avery,Denial J Chiego,Jr 3rd Edition, Elsevier Mosby, 2006

3.Ten Cate's Oral Histology: Development, Structure, and Function:Nanci Anatonio, 6th ed.Mosby, 2003

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